Timber saw



C. WOLF TIMBER SAW Aug. 1'7, 1943.

Filed April 9, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 RF mm mm 5 M m H U Q TTURNE C. WOLFTIMBER SAW Aug. 17, 1943.

Filed April 9, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 4 w Q QI Y 3 IINZ/E/V ma awn/33554mm E C. WOLF TIMBER SAW Filed April 9, 1940 3 SheetsSheet 3 E75. 10.FR/UR FIR 7- s E F FR/UR FIR r mum/ma CHARLES L/L/ULF 39 F E l TTUR/VEPatented Aug. 17,v 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates generally to saws, and particularly to a timbersaw of a portable type. The main object of this invention is toconstruct a saw of the class described which will perform a greateramount of work at the expense of less energy and wear on the saw partsthan is occasioned by the use of similar saws now in use, referencebeing made to my prior Patents Nos. 1,397,026; 1,526,451; and 2,165,524,over which the saw described herein is an improvement.

The second object is to produce a saw of the class described having agreatly increased sawdust carrying capacity.

The third object is to produce a saw of the class described whose rakerteeth are not swedged but which will have all of the knot cuttingproperty of a swedge tooth and in addition thereto provide passagewaysand clearance for the sawdust and chips being formed.

The fourth object is to produce a saw of the class described wherein thebuckling tendency is reduced and the necessity for driving the chain atan excessive initial tension is eliminated.

The fifth object is to construct a saw of the class described having animproved form of selflubricating sprocket wheel and having an improvedform of breaker pin which is especially accessible and also having animproved form of construction wherein objectionable clearances may notdevelop due to the saw being operated after the breaker pin has beensevered.

The sixth object is to construct a saw of the class described having animproved form of assembling connection between the saw frame and thepower unit.

The seventh object is to construct a saw of the class describedespecially adapted for use with air motors and having a saw guidinglever which may be turned to any of a plurality of guiding positions tosuit the convenience of the operator.

These and other objects are accomplished in the manner set forth in thefollowing specification as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan of the power unit end of the saw.

Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side view of the device showing the controlhandle.

Fig. 4 is a broken section taken along the line 4-5 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a section taken along the line 5-5 in Fi 2.

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the power unit and of the saw showing aposition of the guide lever in full lines and three other possiblepositions in dotted lines.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the saw track frame.

Fig. 8 is a section through a saw cut showing the prior art soillustrated in my prior Patent No. 1,397,026.

Fig. 9 is a section taken along the line S9 in Fi 8.

Fig. 10 is a section taken along the line Ill-l8 in Fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary plan of a portion of the plan shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 12 is a section through a saw cut showing the action of my improvedsaw which forms the basis for this invention.

Fig. 13 is a broken section taken along the line l3l3 in Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a section taken along the line I l-l4 in Fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary plan of a portion of my improved saw shown inFig. 12.

Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a cutter tooth link.

Fig. 17 is an end elevation of the cutter tooth link.

Fig. 18 is a side elevation of a raker block link.

Fig. 19 is an end elevation of a raker block link.

Fig. 20 is an end elevation of a link pin.

Fig. 21 is a side elevation of a link pin.

Similar numerals refer to similar throughout the several views.

Before entering into a description of ,this invention, it is stated thatchain saws have lon parts been in common use and saws corresponding withFig. 8 of the drawings have been in use for the past twenty years.

The saw which I am about to describe consists primarily of a guide bar,which I shall refer to as a saw track frame, together with a saw chainunit and a power unit.

Saw track frame The saw track frame consists of an elongated bar 25 of afiat material having the somewhat convex edges 26 which at one end aretangent to the semi-circular end 2'! and that the other ends 28 mergeinto the straight portions 29 which are normal to the longitudinal axisof the frame 25. The portions 29 are joined by the arcuate cutoutportion 30 in the center of which is formed a slcgt 3|, the purpose ofwhich will be explained a er.

Handholds 32 are preferably formed in the frame 25. A tongue 33 isformed around the curved edges 26 and the rounded end 21, and it is thistongue 33 which forms the track or raceway for the saw chain about to bedescribed. The wearing surface is on the edges 25 and the sides of thetongue 33, no wear occurring on the edge 34. Bolt slots 35 are formed inthe end of the frame 25 on opposite sides of the slot 3|.

Saw chain unit The saw chain unit consists of three different kinds ofparts, the first of these parts is the cut ter tooth link 36 shown inFigs. 16 and 17 having the spaced holes 31 adapted to receive thereduced ends 38 of the link. pin 39 having an enlarged circular portion40.

The cutter tooth link 36 has an arcuate base 4| which extends on oneside of a line 42 passing through the holes 31 while the cutter tooth 63extends on the opposite side of the line 42 nearer to one of the holes31 than it is to the other hole 37. The edges 44 of the link 36 convergeto afford clearance for the sawdust and. chips 35. The cutter teeth 43are preferably provided with the required amount of set.

The raker block links 46 are provided with an elongated base 47 havingits intermediate portion 48 arcuate in form and its end portions tilstraight. It is the end portions 49 which ride upon the rim or edge 26of the frame 25. The links 46 are provided with the holes 50 whichreceive the enlarged circular portion 40 of the link pin 39.

Each rocker block link 46 is provided with two oppositely turned rakerteeth which are offset as shown in Fig. 19. Both of the teeth 5! on agiven link 8 are offset in the same direction, but the links areassembled in alternate fashion, that is, alternate links 46 have theirteeth ofiset on opposite sides. The effect of this construction is togive the saw all of the advantages of a swedge tooth without the expensewhich accompanies the performing of a swedging operation and with theadditional advantage of improving the cutting action of the raker toothand at the same time providing a greatly increased sawdust carryingcapacity for the saw.

Since it is the raker tooth M which performs the hardest work, itfollows that it is the resistance encountered by the raker tooth 5iwhich causes the greatest amount of buckling action in the saw.

It will be noted that the angle 52 which is formed between the base line.9 and the line 53 is much smaller than the angle 562 between the baseline 55 of the prior art raker teeth shown in Fig. and the line 56 whichpasses through one of its raker teeth points 51 and the adjacent corner58 of the raker tooth base 59 which rides in a slot Bil as shown in Fig.9.

By this it is meant that since the raker teeth do most of the work, theyexert the greatest kinking or tilting action. It follows that thisaction is minimum when the cutting by the raker teeth occurs most nearin alinement with the travel of the center of the pin 39 and maximumwhen the cutting points of the raker teeth are normal to the travel atthe center of the pin 39. In other words, the angle 52 as shown in Fig.18 is nearer to the parallel position while the angle 54 is nearer tothe normal position of maximum tilting or kinking action.

In other words, the improved form of raker tooth 5| shown in Fig. 12 isfar more stable than is my prior art tooth 51 shown in Fig. 8.

It will be noted that in my present saw the raker block links 46 rideupon the outermost portion 28 while the cutter tooth links 38 rideagainst the sides of the tongue 83.

It will be seen in Fig. 8 that the carrying capacity of the saw islimited to the number of chips 6| which can fill the lower portion ofthe space between a cutting raker point 51 and the next foremost cuttertooth 62. In my improved form of the device as shown in Fig. 12 thechips 45 are not confined to a small space but can occupy substantiallythe entire space unoccupied by the links 36 and 46, due largely to thefact that the size of the chips is materially reduced.

Since the ability of a saw is largely limited by its capacity to conveyaway the material loosened by .the teeth, it follows that the cuttingaction of the saw is greatly improved and the amount of power requiredto perform the operation is materially lessened.

Power unit In order to supply rotation to the chain element composed ofthe links 36 and 46, there is provided a driving sprocket wheel 63having an annular reservoir 64 formed therein to receive the lubricantretaining material 65. A cover plate 64A is provided as a closure forthe reservoir 64. Small holes 66 are formed in the cylindrical surfaceiii of the sprocket wheel 83 and communicate with the interior of thereservoir 64. (See Fig. 5.)

Radiating from the surface 6'! are the raker link supporting sprockets68 whose outermost edges 69 are curved to conform with the intermediateportion 48 of the raker link 46.

A lateral flange 70 is formed on one side of all of the sprockets 38 andserves to hold the driving portion of the chain in position.

Each sprocket 68 has formed therethrough a round hole ii. The sprocketwheel 53 is provided with a central hub l2 which Journals in theanti-friction bearing 73 which in turn is carried by a saw frame support74 which is secured to the housing 75 by means of the bolts 18. Thesupport 7 3 has formed integral therewith a combined face plate and sawstop l1 whose surface :78 engages the side of the bar 25 and is securedthereto by means of a clamp is by the bolts 89 which pass through theslots 35 and corresponding holes 8! in the clamp i9 and into the tappedholes 82 in the member ill.

The surface T18 is provided with a key slot 83 in which is placed a key84 which occupies the slot 3i and holds the bar 25 in angular alinement,while the slots 35 permit longitudinal adjustability for the purpose ofadjusting the chain tension. Additional bolts 35 are used to secure theoutermost ends of the clamp :79 to the member ill.

Raceways 86 are formed between the members Ill and 79 to permit the freepassage of the chain element.

Arcuate guards 81 extend around the driving end of the chain portion ofthe saw and are connected to the support 74 by means of the flange 88.

In the housing 75 is located an anti-friction bearing 89. A spur gear 90has a spindle iii formed integral therewith. The spindle Si is supportedat one end by the bearing 89 and at the other end by the hub 12 of thesprocket wheel 63. The spindle 9| has its tapering end Q2 provided witha breaker pin arm 93 which is secured thereto by means of a key 94 andthe nut 95. The arm 93 has threaded therein a screw 96 whose end 91projects into one of the openings II. The end 91 has a reduced area 98which will shear under excessive load. 7 I v The purpose of thisconstruction is to minimize the wear on the parts occurring between themoment of severance of the member 91 and the stopping of the primemover.

The spindle 9| is provided with a thread 08 and is clamped to the innerrace 99 of the bearing 89 by means of the nut I which nut is locked inposition by means of the set screw l0I.

The housing I has formed therein a recess I02 which contains the gear 90and also an idler gear I03 which is interposed between the gear 90 andthe driving pinion I04 which is formed on the power take-oil? shaft I05of the prime mover not shown. but which is contained within thecompartment I06 formed within the housing I5. It is desirable to provideanti-friction bearings I01 and I08 for the gear I03 and the shaft I05. Acover plate I09 is secured over the recess I02 by means of the screws IIII.

The prime mover in this case is an air motor and air is supplied theretofrom the hose III through the control handle II2 from whence it findsits way through the passageway II3 to the motor.

In order to guide the saw there is provided a handle I I4 having acircular opening H5 in one end thereof which is adapted to receive thecylindrical projection I I6 of the housing 15. The position of thehandle I I4 is fixed by the set screw II'I whose point III! is adaptedto occupy one of the countersunk openings II9 disposed about thecircumference of the fitting I20.

In order to simplify the understanding of this invention a descriptionof lesser important details have been condensed.

It is desirable to provide a handle |2I at the forward end of the bar 25and this is attached by means of a handle support I22 by the bolts I23.

It will be seen from the foregoing that as the chain passes around thesprocket wheel 53, the action of the chain is equivalent to that oi. a

' twelve tooth sprocket rather than that of a six tooth sprocket, thatis, the angular motion between adjacent links is one-half of that of asix tooth sprocket wheel, which is of course desir-- able.

As stated, the raker tooth surface 48 rests upon the sprocket surface 69whereas the arcuate bases II of the cutter links 36 ride upon thecylindrical surface 61 of the sprocket wheel 63.

It must be understood that while this saw has been illustrated anddescribed for use with an air motor, it is equally usable with otherforms of prime mover, such as an electric motor, it

being necessary only to apply the power to the gear 80 in any convenientmanner.

From the foregoing it will be seen that owing to the increased sawdustcarrying capacity of the saw, its cutting capacity is increased even ata reduced speed, it being customary, for example, to operate my sawshown in Fig. 8 at twelve hundred feet per minute, while the present sawwill out faster at one thousand feet per minute.

It will be noted that the saw bar shown in Fig. 7 is flat andsymmetrical on both sides and capable of reversing for the purpose ofdistributing the wear between both edges of the bar 25.

It will be observed that with the construction herein described that thesaw chain is actually alined as itis driven toward the sprockets 68,thereby requiring no lateral guidance therefrom and consequentlyminimizing the wear on the chain and sprockets at that point.

The flanges I0 are merely employed to support that portion of the chainwhich is lying around the sprocket while the chain is being installed.After installation, the flanges I0 have little useful purpose.

I claim:

1. In a chain saw, a raker tooth link having an elongated baseconstituting a slide, said base having a pair of pin holes formedtherein near opposite ends thereof, a pair of oppositely turned rakerteeth projecting from one edge of said base and offset laterallytherefrom, the lateral thickness of all parts of the link and rakerteeth being uniform ,the offset portions of the links beingsubstantially parallel with the body thereof,

2. In a chain saw, a raker tooth link having an elongated baseconstituting a slide having straight line ends and having a concaveintermediate portion, said base having pin holes formed therein near theends thereof, said link having oppositely turned laterally offset rakerteeth of the same lateral width as is said base and substantiallyparallel therewith.

3. A chain saw consisting of alternate single block links and doublecutter links, the body of each block link having two oppositely pointeddrag teeth formed thereon offset laterally, and in parallelism with thebody thereof, the teeth of one block link being both offset in the samedirection and the teeth in successive block links being offset inopposite directions, said cutter links having cutter teeth formedthereon which are not offset but are set angularly with relation to thebodies of the cutter links, said drag and cutter teeth forming acontinuous tortuous passageway for the storage of sawdust while saidteeth are passing through a given out.

CHARLES WOLF.

